Electric-arc lamp



(No Model.)

0. 0. MAILLOUX.

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

Patented Mar. 8, 1885.

ITHEEEE5= a M,

N. PETERS.- Fhoto-Lilbnpzyher, waminmm. D I:

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrics.

C. ODILON MAILLOUX, OF NEYV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOE TO THE THOMSON- HOUSTON ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,436, dated Elarch 3, 1885.

Application filed February 19, 1883. (No model.)

T at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, C. ODILON hLirLLoUx, of New York city, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements relating to Electric-Arc Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

The object of the improvements is to main tain the distance between the carbons uni- 13 form, and to keep the electric are constantly of the same length as the carbons consume, and thus avoid the fluctuations in the light.

I attain these ends by very simple mechanism.

The invention applies to all that class of are lamps wherein the lower carbon is stationary, the regulation and control of the are being effected by the movement of the upper carbon, which feeds down by the action of gravity, the extent of feed being regulated by special devices.

The following is a description of what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention;

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a side elevation with a portion of the framing removed. Fig. 2 is a front clevation. Figs. 3 and 4 represent a modification. Fig. 3 is a side elevation, and Fig. 4 is a plan view, partly in section. Figs. 5 and 6 represent one of the details detached. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the commutator alone. Fig. 6 is a side elevation showing the commutator and the brushes which form the electrical connections therewith. Fig. 7 represents a modification of the arrangement of the brushes relatively to the commutator.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

A designates the fixed framework, which, it will be understood, is of brass or other suitable material, and supported by legs from below, a bracket from one side, or a pendant from above. (Not represented.) Certain portions of the framing are designated by additional marks, as A A when necessary to distinguish them.

' B B are helices surrounding soft-iron cores 1) b bolted on and forming a unit with a stout conncctingbar, so that they constitute a single mature, P.

electro-magnet, which I will designate B, of the general horseshoe form. Through these helices a portion of the current from the bat tery or other source of current (not represented) is always free to flow. That portion is what is known as a shuntcircuit, the re mainder of the current being allowed to pass through the carbons. The resistance of these helices is made very high compared to that of the arc, and the connections are so made that during the action of the lamp the current di vides, passing mainly from one carbon to the 1 other, producing the light, but a small portion passing through these helices, the pro portion of current in each division being inversely proportional to its resistance.

M is a smooth rod of brass, having a split head, M, at its lower end, which serves as a holder for the upper carbon, at. This rod M is inclosed within a sleeve, N, which moves 7o easily in the fixed portions A A of the franr ing. It is elevated by a spring, O, acting under a collar, N. A toothed rack, N extends up and down on N and receives a segment, I, which is carried on a freely-rocking 7 5 shaft, P, on which is mounted a soft-iron ar As the shaft P rocks in one direction and the other, the ends of the armature 1 traverse close to the poles of the magnet B. The ends of the cores are extended toward each other, so as to form rounded poles, as shown. The ends of the rocking armature P move close to these rounded surfaces, but out of contact therewith.

C is a bell-crank lever, pivoted at one end to a short arm, N. It supports the axis of a freely-revolving wheel, D, which stands in an aperture, a, in the side of the sleeve N, and is pressed against the rod M by the force of a spring, E, fixed on the arm N. The spring E is of such force that, if not resisted, it acts on the rod M through the lever C and wheel D, so as to press rod M against the opposite side of the interior of the sleeve N with sufficient force to resist gravity and hold the rod M and its attached carbon at reliably supported. This device constitutes the clamp or clutch by which the carbon is lifted to form the are, or is released in order to allow a feed. The spring E is resisted with delicatelyapljnstable IOO force by a spring, G,which connects the short horizontal arm of the lever G with a screw, G, which passes through a hole in the framing A, and is adjustable up and down by a thumb-nut, ILwhich engages with the threads of' G. The gravity of the parts causes the force of the spring E to be resisted by this spring G. Normally, the carbons are not in contact when the lamp is idle.

In starting the light the current is put on; but the carbons,having remained in the condition at which they were left adjusted at the close of the last preceding use of the lamp, refuse to allow the current to pass; consequently the whole current passes through the helices, and, exciting the magnet,acts strongly on the freely-rocking armature P, rocking the shaft 1? in the direction to depress the sleeve N and its contained rod M in opposition to the force of the spring 0. This momentary lowering motion brings the upper carbon, m, down into contact with the lower carbon, W and establishes a free current through the carbons. This, by subtracting from the flow through the shunt-circuit, red uces the strength of the magnet, and allows the force of the spring 0 to raise the sleeve N and its attachments. This separates the upper carbon, m, from the lower carbon, M to a proper extent, and through the rack N and segment I? rocks the shaft I, and moves the armature I back toward its original position. If the proper conditions are established, the are of incandescent particles between the carbons allows the flow of the current with a just sufficient resistance to cause the diversion of enough current through the shunt to maintain a gent-le force on the electromagnet and prevent the sleeve N and its contents rising too high. So long as the resistance of the shunt maintains this relation to that ofthe arc,equilibrium obtains, and the wheel D continues to clutch the rod M with sufficient force against the interior of the sleeve N; but when by the consumption of the carbons they become too widely separated, the increase of resistance in the are throws more of the current into the shuntcircuit, and the armature P is attracted by the magnet and turned into a more nearly up right position, thus lowering the sleeve N against the force of the spring 0 and feeding the carbon m. \Vhen this has proceeded to a certain extent, the spring G acts on the lever G with such force as to diminish the pressure of the wheel D against the rod M. The nut H allows the position to be adjusted with great delicacy, so that as the sleeve N and its contents descend farther, the force pressing the rod M laterally against the interior of the tube N is relaxed, and the rod M and its attached carbon in shift downward a little within the sleeve; consequently at each elevation of the sleeve to its original position the rod M and consequently the carbon m,is in a slightly lowered position-just sufficientto balance the consumption occurring at its lower endand the action proceeds as before until the point of release. Then the upper carbon slides down with the sleeve N. Immediately the tension of the spring 0 asserts itself and raises the sleeve N, and causes the lever O to press the wheel D again and to again hold the upper carbon, it in practice raises the upper carbon, and lengthens the arc, and increases its resistance until enough of the current is diverted through the shunt to stop further action of the spring 0, as before. But this upward movement is so slight as to be inappreeiable.

In practice the armature I remains at such a point that the spring G acts on the short arm of the lever O,so as to allow the carbon-rod m to slide gently through the sleeve N, though when the carbon happens to slip down too far the reaction of the shunt immediately causes the sleeve N to rise, and the spring G causes the clutch to grasp the carbon firmly until,by the gradual consumption in the are. the reaction of the shunt on the armature I new acts so as to lower the sleeve N until the spring G allows the rod M to slip, as before. The are attains its normal length the moment it starts. By making the spring 0 press upward more strongly the length of the are can be increased, because it will require a greater resistance of the arc (resistance of the arc increases in pro portion to its length) to produce a diversion of current in the shunt sufficient to counteract the spring 0.

My experiments indicate that the apparatus may succeed without the addition now to be described.

Around the armature I? is coiled an insulated wire, K, as if to make it a bar electromagnet. In this condition it maybe called an electromagnetic armature. This wire may be wound in one or more layers, and may be made of one or more sections soldered or joined, so as to form one continuous length, of which the two free endsone going to a inent,1", the other to a segment, P, Fig. 5of brass or other conducting material, are mounted on vulcanite or other insulating material F, so as to make a circular disk or commutator, which is fixed to the shaft 1, and rotates with the armature. Thesegments I and I" areparallel, but they differ in length,and are mounted on slightly-differing portions of the wheel, so that one is in advance of the other.

S and S are horizontal arms supported on the fixed framework. They carry brushes It and It, of conductingmaterial, which are arranged to press gently against the periphery of the wheel F. The brush It is connected with the positive wire by a branch wire, '2'. The brush It is connected with the negative wire by a branch wire, 1'. The segments are of such length that brush It shall be at all times in contact with segment I Segment P overlaps segment I, however, so that brush B may rest upon both segments and complete the circuit between them; but segment I is of such length that when the support F turns sufficiently to cause brush It to rest on both segments the brush R shall be out of contact with segment P and the circuit from r to 1" thus broken.

The apparatus as described performs different functions under different conditions of the apparatus. At each movement of the sleeve N and its connected parts, to adjust the carbons together as they are consumed, it is important that the motion of the sleeve and its connected carbon downward be moderate, and also that the return motion of the sleeve upward be moderate. I insure this by my coils K, which, under these conditions, act as a closed circuit wherein an induced current is produced by each movement of the armature P. The magnetic effect of this current on the core of the armature is such that it tends to oppose the motion induced by the electro-magnet. The behavior of this coil,and the opposition which it produces to the motion by the currents induced in it through this n10- tion in front of the pole composed of the electromagnet, is exactly equivalent to the behavior of the wire in the armatures of dynamo-electric machines where the induced currents always tend to oppose the motion producing them, in accordance with the well-known law of Lena. The closing of the circuit between the ends of the coils K is effected by the brush R, which is wide enough to extend across and form a complete connection between the segments P and P. It maintains such complete connec tion during the whole period while the lamp is lighted and the armature P in working position. \Vhen the lamp is extinguished, and the force of the spring 0 lifts the upper carbon beyond its working position, and thereby throws the armature P into its great angle of inclination, the segment P is moved out of contact with the brush R. In this position there is no short circuit, but springs R R remain each upon its conducting-segment P P, so as to close the circuit through the coils K by Way of 1", brush R, segment P, coils K, segment P brush R, and wire 1", ready for the starting of the lamp. The circuit through coils K constitutes what I term an auxiliary shunt around the carbons, and its function is to bring the normally-separated carbons into contact preparatory to the formation of the arc. After it has performed its function in this respect the flow of current through it, or the coils included in it, is automatically interrupted, so that the action of the lamp mechanism is then. under the control of the high-resistance shunt only.

Attempts have been made heretofore to operate the lamp by a high-resistance derivedcircuit magnet only, but have been only. partiall y successful.

My invention, by the employment of the extra or auxiliary shunt, overcomes the difficulties heretofore existing, and makes a practically operative lamp.

Although I have shown a special form of clutch-and-feed mechanism herein, I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself thereto, since the auxiliary shunt is designed for use with any feed mechanism, and may be so applied, with slight changes in the construction.

My invention, so far as this portion of the same is concerned, consists, broadly, in the combination, with any lamp-feed mechanism and higlrresistance derived-circuit magnet, of an auxiliary shunt or coil closed when the lamp is out of action, and containing suitable devices for bringing the carbons together, and means for automatically interrupting the current in said auxiliary shunt, so that the feed of the carbons may be under the sole control of the high-resistance shunt or derived circuit.

I will now explain how this partof the ap paratus acts.

In the act of starting the light when the currentis first put on, the coils K conduct a current, the segments P P being then in position to closethecircuitthroughsaidcoils. Theproper connections being made to give a north polarity to that end of the inclosed armature that is opposite a south pole of B,and a south polarity to the end opposite the north pole of B, the eifect is to greatly strengthen the attraction between the magnet B and armature, so as to cause the shaft P to turn with considerable force. This condition of the apparatus is brought about as follows: Prior to the starting of the lamp the upper carbon may be at any distance from the lower carbon, or it may be in contact therewith, as chance or the carelessness of the attendant may decide. Possibly, the carbons may be quite together and still the oscillating armature P be rocked into the position shown in Fig. 1. Under these conditions the contact of the carbons would allow the passage of so large a portion of the current that not enough would be diverted through the shunt-current to give any ade quate force to the electro-magnetsB; consequently the electro-magnet B could not of itself induce a sufficiently forcible turning of the armature P to depress the sleeve N against the force of the spring 0. Under these conditions the addition now being described is especially important. The branch circuit r K 0' should be of wire, which offers but little resistance; consequently, notwithstanding the contact of the carbons and the low resistance of that part of the circuit, a sufiicient current will flow through the branch circuit 0' K a, which is also of low resistance, and through the brushes R R induce a forcible action through the coils K, and thus,by the auxiliary action of the latter, induce a strong magnetic effect on the armature P, whereby it tends to set itself axially with respect to the fieldpicces of the elcctro-magnet B,and to assume an upright or nearly-upright position. This upright position of the armature P,being thus induced, depresses the sleeve N against the force of the spring 0. The moment this action takes place the flow ofthe current through the branch wires 0' r is stopped, because the turning of the armature P moves the commu- IIO tator-segment I out of contact with its brush R; but at the same time the two ends of coil K are joined in short circuit, as before described, because the same movement has brought brush It into contact with both segments 1? I The current now ceases to pass through the coils K,and the armature acts as an ordinary armature to Bin producing the proper feed of the carbon. Thus conditioned, the spring 0 commences to lift the sleeve N. It lifts it to a considerable distancesay, for example, one-eighth (t) ofan inch. The first part of this motionsay a sixteenth-it lifts idly without lifting the carbon m,- but so soon as it has lifted a sixteenth, the clutch performs its function, and, pressing by the wheel D against the carbon-holder M engages it and causes it to lift, so that the later portion of the lifting movement of the sleeve N lifts the carbon with it. So soon as the carbon is lifted the arc is established, and thenceforward the apparatus takes care of itself, as before described. The return motion of the armature 1? never proceeds far enough to cause the segment 1? to come in contact with the brush It again, because as long as some current passes through the shuntcircuit the electro-magnet B prevents the movement of the armature from extending so far outward.

I isa screw,set in the fixed frai'ne-worlgand held firmly by nuts J and J. It is so adjusted that when the lever O is carried downward by the depression of the sleeve N it strikes this screw at a certain point in its progress, and is deflected outward',soas to liberate the carbon-holder M. This screw I thus acts as auxiliary to the adjustable spring G,to insure the liberation of the carbon-holder when the sleeve N is depressed beyond a certain point. The positive action due to this screw may, under some circumstances, be used alone to liberate the carbon-holderin other words, the adjustable spring G may be dispensed with and the screw I depended upon alone to effect all the action that is required. It is important to so condition the parts that a slight depression of the sleeve N and its attachments will relax the hold on M and allow it to sink, and that a slight return motion of the sleeve N will tighten the grip on M and prevent any further sinking. The proportions shown give good results in practice. It is essential that the grip should be always at the same point when adjusted; but it may be adjusted quite high relatively to the motion of the sleeve, in which case the length of the arc is shorter than when the grip takes place quite low, because it always feeds sooner, and the tension of the spring 0 on the sleeve,tending to raise it, is weaker than if it lifted the rod sooner by having the grip lower.

I have shown two pairs of carbons, with their carbon-holders and their sleeves N, springs O, and clamping-lever as mounted in the same lamp and actuated by the same oscillating armature P. It will be understood that there are on the shaftP two of the segments I, and that each movement of the armature P raises and lowers both sleeves N, but only one is effective at a time. I adjust the tension of the springs G and the position of the screws I so that a given amount of lowering of the sleeve N will liberate one carbon-holder and not the other. The one which is adjusted to be released by the least depression of the sleeves will be shifted downward, and the other will be moved up and down idly,al ways at too great a distance to allow any are. Then the first carbon-rod, by the gradual consumption of its carbon and the repeated slight action of the adjusting apparatus, has beenlowered until the carbon is nearly exhausted, the stop m on the carbon-holder will strike the top of the sleeve N, so that it cannot be lowered farther. Then the further increase of resistance in the are, by consumption of the carbon,will cause the sleeve to lower still farther until the lever O of the second sleeve is lifted by its spring G- or by its screw I, or both. Then the upper carbon of the second pair will be dropped into contact with its mate and again raised, and for a small fraction of a second both pairs will beluminous. The first carbon-holder immediately commences to move up and down idly, and the second pair gives light, and the action continues as before.

I can work the apparatus with only one pair of carbons, if preferred, in any case.

Modifications may be made in the forms and proportions of other details. I can vary the diameter of the wheel I) and of its axis. I be lieve good results can be obtained by dispensing with a freely-turning wheel at this point and allowing the friction to be produced by a direct contact of the lever O. The rounded form of the ends of the cores of the electromagnet is not essential, but is preferable.

In the form shown in Figs. 3 and 4: the armature turns between ends which, instead of being hollowed, are bluntly pointed.

In the modification shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the electro-magnets corresponding to B are upright. I propose to make this the subject of a separate application for patent. It may sometimes happen that as the co mmutator-segment 1 leaves the brush It, so as to break contact, the passage of current may continue in the form of a slight are, which may have the eifect of burning or otherwise injuring the commutator-segment or the brush, or both. I can avoid such difficulty, in case it should arise, by mounting the two brushes on a fixed center, with liberty to vibrate, and providing such mechanical connection between the oscillating magnet I and the brushes as will rock them and throw the brushes out of contact. Fig. 7 gives an idea of the manner in which this it attained. The brush It is adjusted so as to touch the segment 1?, Fig. 5, as before, and is connected to the negative pole of the lamp by the wire 1*. The brush It is made narrow, so as to touch only the segment P. This brush is fastened to a pivot, Q, which can be made to rock. The brush R ICO is also connected, as before, by means of the wire r, to the positive pole of the lamp. To the pivot Q is also fixed another brush, S", insulated from the brush R, and which is wide enough to touch both segments P and P On the shaft P of the armature l? is fixed an arm, W, which carries at its outer end a flat T-shaped projection,which moves loosely between the brushes R S. When the lamp is idle, the armature is rotated outward by the action of the spring 0, and the arm XV strikes the brush S and pushes it out of contact with the commutator-segments P 1 at the same time that, by rocking the pivot Q, it brings the brush 1% into contact with the segment P. Under this condition the current at starting may pass from the positive pole by the branch Wire 1' to the brush B through the coil K to the wire 1', thus establishing the branch circuit through the coil K, which will cause the armature I to move toward the up right position. As it approaches the upright position, the downward motion of the sleeve N causes the lever G to release the carbon rod on, and the upper carbon comes into contact with the lower one. It the carbons were already in contact, this motion would still take place, as before, because the current would still pass through the coil K, and in sut'ficient proportion, on account of its low resistance, to cause the armature P to move toward the upright position. In this case the motion of the armature would cause the sleeve N to slip down around the carbon-carrier M. In all cases the motion of the armature 1 proceeds until the arm XV strikes the brush R and moves it out of contact from the segment P, thus opening the branch circuit through the coil K. At the same time the turning of the pivot Q causes the brush S to touch both segments P" P and to short-circuit the coil K. The arm \V may be adjusted so as to cause the change of contact at any period of the oscillation of the armature P. It will be understood that other arrangements of the commutator and of the brushes might be made to perform the same function. It will be seen that by this device the branch circuitr K 'r is never opened until the contact between the carbons has taken place, and thus the occurrence of large sparks at the commutator is avoided.

I claim as my invention 1. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of a feed-controlling circuit of high resistance around the are, an electrode supported in proper relative position to the opposite electrode by the action of the current in said circuit, a retractor acting in opposition to said current, a starting coil or circuit, an electric switch controlling the starting coil or circuit, and means for holding said switch in proper position during operation of the lamp, to permit the regulation to be effected by the controlling action of current in the derived circuit without the intervention of the current in the starting-circuit.

2. The combination, in an electricarclamp, of ahigh-resistance derived circuit, a carbonsupporting and feed regulating mechanism actuated by the current in said derived circuit acting in opposition to a suitable retractor, a starting coil or circuit closed when the lamp is out of action or at the moment the current is turned on, and an automatic switch forputting the circuits into their normal or feedregulating condition as soon as the lamp starts into action, so that the electrode may be sup ported or suspended and its feed controlled thereafter by the intluence of the current in the high-resistance derived circuit, as and for the purpose described.

3. The combination, in an electric lamp, of afeedcoutrolling derived circuit of high re sistance around the carbons, an electrode suspended and adjusted in position by the varying influence of the current in said derived circuit acting in opposition to a suitable retractor, a starting coil or circuit for bringing the lamp mechanism into normal or feed-regulating position, and a circuit-controller controlling the connections of the starting coil or circuit, and adapted to maintain the same condition while the lamp is in action, so that the carbon may be held in position,and the ordinary feed-rcgulating operations may pr0- gress under the controlling action of the current in the ordinary derived circuit, as and for the purpose described.

4. The combination, in an electric-arc lamp, of a feed-controlling coil or magnet of high resistance in a branch around the carbons, an electrode held thereby in proper relative position to the opposite electrode, an auxiliary startingcoil acting on the samelever with the feed-controlling coil and placed in a second branch closed at the time the lamp starts in action, and means for cutting out or open-cin cuiting the branch containing said coil when the lamp begins to act, and holding it cut out, so that the feed-regulating action may go on under the control of the high-resistance derived circuit.

5. The combination, in an electric lamp, of a higlrresistance derived-circuit magnet, a feed-controllin g mechanism and electrode supported thereby, an assisting coil or circuit, and means for switching out said coil or circuit when the lamp starts into action and holding the same switched out while the lamp continues to burn.

6. The combination, in an electric lamp, of an auxiliary or starting circuit in a branch around the carbons, closed when the lamp is out of action, a derived circuit of high resistance controlling the separation and the feed of the carbon, and means for open-circuiting the starting-circi'iit after the lamp begins to act, as and for the purpose described.

7. The combination, in an electric lamp, of a high resistance derived-circuit magnet, an electrode and 'feed-controllin g mechanism supported thereby, an assisting-coil in an auxiliary branch for assisting said magnet in bringtrol of the current in the derived circuit of ing the lamp into action, and means for opencircuitingthe charging-circuit of said assisting coil and holding it open-cireuited, so that the lamp may continue to act under the conhigh resistance.

8. The combination, in an electric-arc lamp, of a high-resistance derived circuit, a starting-circuit controlled by the regulating devices of the lamp, and in operative condition only when said devices are in an extreme retracted position, and means whereby said starting-circuit may be rendered inoperative while the feed-regulating devices move in normal feed-regulating range, as and for the purpose described.

9. The combination, in an electric lamp, of a high-resistance derived-circuit magnet, feedregulating mechanism controlled thereby, an auxiliary coil in a branch around the carbons for assisting said magnet in bringing the feed mechanism to the feed-point when the current is turned on, a lever or support for said feed mechanism upon which both the derived-circuit magnet and the auxiliary coil act, a circuit-controller which normally or at the start completes the circuit of the auxiliary coil, and means for actuating said circuit-closer to open the auxiliarycircuit or branch when the lamp mechanism has been brought to a determinate position.

10. In an electric lamp, the combination of an electro-magnet and an armature wound with a coil or coils of wire whose convolutions arejoined in closed or short circuit While the lamp is in action, as and for the purpose described.

11. 111 an electric-arc lamp, the combination, with the high-resistance derived-circuit magnet, of an armature provided with a magnetizing-coil, and a commutator operated by said armature for opening and closing the circuit of the coils as and for the purpose described.

12. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of the lamp-magnet Bin a derived circuit of high resistance, the rocking armature therefor, the sleeve for the carbon-carrier connected with said armature, and a clamping device borne by the sleeve.

13. In an electric-arc lamp, a sleeve surrounding the carbon rod, an opening in the sleeve through which pressure may be exerted upon the carbon rod, a clamp adapted to act through such opening, the armature operating a toothed segment, and a toothed rack on the external surface of the sleeve, as and for the purpose specified.

14. In an elcetric-arc lamp, a lever supported on a sleeve inclosing a carbon-carrier, a wheel supported by the lever and pressing against the carrier, and means for releasing the pressure of the wheel upon the carrier when the sleeve is moved.

15. The double electric lamp having the two carbon-holders M, the sleeve surrounding said holders, the common shaft provided with means for engaging with the sleeves, the oscillating armature upon said shaft, and clamp de vices carried by the sleeves, and adjusted to release and engage with the respective carbonholders at dill'erent points, as and for the purpose described.

16. The combination, with the controlling mechanism for an electric lamp, of an electro magnet acting, when energized, in said mechanism, so as to cause or permit the carbons to come together, and a commutator or circuitcontroller operated by said magnet for stopping the flow of current in all the coils of the magnet simultaneously with the operation of the lamp mechanism or devices that serve to efl'eet contact of the carbons, as and for the purpose described.

17. The combination, in an electric lamp, of a high-resistance derived circuit magnet, mechanism controlled by said magnet for caus ing a feed of the carbons, an assisting or any iliary magnctcoil for assisting said derivedcircuit magnet, and means for automatically removing said coil from circuit, as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at New York city, this 15th day of February, 1883, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

C. ODILON MAILLOUX. Witnesses:

W. H. SPRINGMEYER, CHARLES It. Snanrn. 

